In recent decades, as long as increase in competitive condition in financial markets, some firms get involved financial distress and default, and finally left out from competitive markets. So, PREDICTION of financial distress became an interesting and important subject to stakeholders of fir, so that they can make necessary decisions, in timely manner. In this paper, using combining components of CASH FLOW statement as an objective factor according to FASB-NO95 and NO2-accounting standard of IRAN, we predict financial distress. In order to this, 52 healthy firms and 52 nonhealthy firms using 3 criterions in time period of 1385-1390 were chosen: decrease of more than 40% of dividend compared with past year, 3 consecutive years with net loss, and 141’th code of Iranian commercial law, and using logistic regression we predict financial distress. The results of this paper show that combining components of CASH FLOW statements according to FASB-NO95 is effective in PREDICTION of financial distress, and effects of this combinations is more than other ratios in this research. As well as, the results show that combining components of CASH FLOW statements according to NO2-accounting standard of IRAN isn’t effective in PREDICTION of financial distress.

Effect of method of providing CASH FLOW resulting from operating activities (direct and indirect methods) in power of predict future CASH FLOWs of the issues that a lot of research has led the financial literature. CASH FLOW Statements aim to provide information regarding the FLOW of incoming and outgoing CASH during an accounting period. If the FLOW of funds that offers with information on other users of financial statements should assist in these purposes to: (a) evaluate the company can create a positive future net CASH FLOW evaluate the ability to participate in the confrontation commitments and also requires the company to external financing, evaluate the company can pay the financing costs and dividends, Children understand the difference and net operating profit company operating CASH FLOWs, determine the effects of capital transactions Investment and Financing made during the company' s financial condition. The aim of this paper is a review of this issue 1) directly compared the methods of indirect methods of calculating FLOW. Operating CASH FLOW ability to predict more are operating? 2) whether operating CASH FLOW compared with its components is more useful for investors.According to survey results with data collected from companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 1380 until 1388 showed that the CASH FLOW of information due to operational activities of the direct method predict more compared with indirect methods are entitled, and operating CASH FLOW compared with its components is more useful for investors.

Objective: Firstly, this research investigates the relationship between CASH volatility and financing decisions and then, investigates the effect of CASH FLOW shortfalls on the relationship between financing through debt and CASH FLOW volatility. So, based on theoretical background and pervious researches two hypotheses were developed. Based on first hypothesis, a positive relationship is expected between CASH FLOW risks and debt level in capital structure of firms. Those firms facing with increased risk of CASH FLOWs, may need extra CASH for the financing of their operations or they may face with a shortage of CASH which in this case they will look for ways of financing through issuing debt. Also, it is expected that a shortage in operating CASH FLOWs affects the relationship between CASH FLOW risk and capital structure. In another words, the relationship between debt in capital structure and CASH FLOW risks is stronger for those firms with a shortage in operating CASH FLOWs. Methods: This is an applied research and we have used the regression to run the research models. The Research sample consists of 178 firms (1068 firm-years) listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during 2014 and 2019. Research sample is excluded from financial firms, banks, insurance firms or firms with missing data. All data have been winsorized at the one percent and 99 percent levels. Results: As expected, the results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between CASH FLOW volatility and capital structure (use of debt). So, it can be said that those firms facing a higher risk of CASH FLOWs, issue more debt. In addition, the results show that the relationship between CASH FLOW risk and the use of debt in capital structure is tenser for firms with low operational CASH FLOWs. For those firms with high operating CASH FLOW this relationship does not exist. Conclusion: increased risk of CASH FLOWs results in the need for financing of activities through CASH FLOW or creates a loss or shortage of CASH FLOWs by firms. Thereby, firms look for the way to finance through issuing debts. Thereby, it is advisable for lenders and also for investor and analyst to pay especial attention to CASH FLOW variances and risk when analyzing CASH FLOW statements, operating CASH FLOWs and the financial statements of companies. Also, auditors should consider these risk when assessing the continuity principle for issuing an audit report. Future researches can identify other factor affecting the relationship between CASH FLOW risk and issuing debt. Also, the effects of financing level limitation on the relationship between CASH FLOW risk and capital structure can be investigated in future papers.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the ability of past earnings, compared to past CASH FLOWs, to predict future CASH FLOWs. A sample of 69 companies was selected, during the years 2004 to 2017, and regression models were applied to analyze the data, using cross-sectional data and time series analysis. Also, in this study, Markov random methods are used to predict future CASH FLOWs. For this purpose, transfer probability matrices were formed and after examining the basic assumptions of the model, the transfer process was estimated and the findings were extracted. The results of the study show that in predicting future operating CASH FLOWs, the ability to explain past operating CASH FLOWs has been greater than past operating profits. Findings in this method also indicate the superiority of the CASH FLOW forecasting power over operating profit and loss. Other results show that although accruals, as well as their breakdown into smaller components, lack the predictive power of future CASH FLOWs, by adding models from past CASH FLOWs, they acquire the power of PREDICTION. In short, the findings indicate the prominent role of CASH FLOW, compared to profit and loss, in predicting future CASH FLOWs.

There has been an attempt, during this research, to study the relationship between the factors of CASH FLOW statement with the shareholders' interests. To this end, the data of 73 companies out of the ones listed in Tehran Stock Exchange were selected through systematic sampling. In addition to panel data analysis and multivariate regression model for the fiscal years 2005 to 2015, the correlation test was run between 8 of CASH FLOW statement factors and the shareholders' interests through synthetic and analytic models. Findings reveal that out of the eight factors, the net CASH fluctuations during the year and the net CASH FLOW from financing activities demonstrated no significant correlation. Results also showed that there is a positive correlation between the three indices of net CASH FLOW from investing activities, CASH outFLOW from investing activities, and CASH out FLOW from financing activities on the one hand, and achievable benefit for the investors on the other. However, there is a negative correlation between the CASH FLOW from operating activities, CASH inFLOW from investing activities, and CASH inFLOW from financing activities on the one hand and shareholders’ interests on the other.

The objective of this study is to evaluate changes in the level of CASH holdings in response to corporates’ CASH FLOWs. For this, using financial information of a sample consisting of 118 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2006-2011, the sensitivity of CASH FLOWs of CASH holdings was studied, regarding three aspects of: CASH FLOWs types (positive or negative), financial constraints, and external monitoring. This study is an applied research and takes regression method of panel data to test hypotheses.The findings showed that there was no difference in the CASH FLOW sensitivity of CASH in the two cases that companies face with a positive or a negative CASH FLOWs. Also, there was no difference between the CASH FLOW sensitivity of CASH in the cases of financially constrained and financially unconstrained. Additionally the findings showed that for the companies with stronger external monitoring the CASH FLOW sensitivity of CASH was not greater than that for the other companies.